[SDL] Framerate Per Second FPS
C, C++ 2025. 4. 22. 22:28 |반응형
SDL 사용시 FPS를 고정해 보자.
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#define SDL_MAIN_USE_CALLBACKS 1
#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
#include <SDL3/SDL_main.h>
#include <stdio.h>
SDL_Window* window = NULL;
SDL_Renderer* renderer = NULL;
int screen_width = 640;
int screen_height = 480;
Uint64 start;
Uint64 end;
float fps;
typedef struct {
float x, y;
float vx, vy;
} s_particle;
const int number_particles = 400;
s_particle particles[number_particles];
// 파티클 이미지 텍스쳐와 렉트
SDL_Texture* texture;
SDL_FRect rect;
void spawn_particle(s_particle* pt) {
pt->x = (SDL_randf() * 2 - 1) * screen_width * 10;
pt->y = SDL_randf() * screen_height * -2;
// 넓은 범위에서 눈이 생성되게 해서 실행 초기에 눈이 쏟아져 내리는걸 방지.
pt->vx = SDL_randf() * 0.5f; // 눈은 오른쪽으로만 흩날린다.
pt->vy = SDL_randf() + 0.8f;
}
void draw_particle(s_particle pt[]) {
for (int i = 0; i < number_particles; i++) {
s_particle* particle = &particles[i];
particle->x += particle->vx;
particle->y += particle->vy;
// 눈이 화면 왼쪽에서도 바람에 날려 올 수 있도록 생존 범위 조정.
if (particle->x > screen_width || particle->x < -screen_width || particle->y > screen_height)
spawn_particle(particle);
// 텍스쳐 그리기
rect.x = particle->x - rect.w / 2;
rect.y = particle->y - rect.h / 2;
SDL_RenderTexture(renderer, texture, NULL, &rect);
//SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 0, 0, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
//SDL_RenderPoint(renderer, particle->x, particle->y);
}
}
SDL_AppResult SDL_AppInit(void** appstate, int argc, char* argv[])
{
SDL_SetAppMetadata("Example", "1.0", "sean");
if (!SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)) {
SDL_Log("Couldn't initialize SDL: %s", SDL_GetError());
return SDL_APP_FAILURE;
}
SDL_SetHint(SDL_HINT_RENDER_VSYNC, "1");
// A variable controlling whether updates to the SDL screen surface should be synchronized
// with the vertical refresh, to avoid tearing.
if (!SDL_CreateWindowAndRenderer("example", screen_width, screen_height, 0, &window, &renderer)) {
SDL_Log("Couldn't create window/renderer: %s", SDL_GetError());
return SDL_APP_FAILURE;
}
for (int i = 0; i < number_particles; i++) {
spawn_particle(&particles[i]);
}
// 비트맵 로드
SDL_Surface* bmpSurface = SDL_LoadBMP("snow.bmp");
if (!bmpSurface) {
SDL_Log("Couldn't load BMP: %s", SDL_GetError());
return SDL_APP_FAILURE;
}
// 컬러키(투명) 설정
SDL_SetSurfaceColorKey(bmpSurface, true, SDL_MapSurfaceRGB(bmpSurface, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00));
//SDL_SetSurfaceColorKey(bmpSurface, true, SDL_MapRGB(SDL_GetPixelFormatDetails(bmpSurface->format), NULL, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00));
rect = { 0, 0, (float)bmpSurface->w, (float)bmpSurface->h };
texture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, bmpSurface);
SDL_DestroySurface(bmpSurface);
return SDL_APP_CONTINUE;
}
SDL_AppResult SDL_AppEvent(void* appstate, SDL_Event* event)
{
switch (event->type) {
case SDL_EVENT_QUIT:
return SDL_APP_SUCCESS;
case SDL_EVENT_KEY_DOWN:
printf("Key pressed: %s\n", SDL_GetKeyName(event->key.key));
if (event->key.key == SDLK_ESCAPE)
return SDL_APP_SUCCESS;
break;
default:
break;
}
return SDL_APP_CONTINUE;
}
SDL_AppResult SDL_AppIterate(void* appstate)
{
start = SDL_GetPerformanceCounter();
{
SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 0, 0, 0, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
draw_particle(particles);
SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
}
end = SDL_GetPerformanceCounter();
fps = 1.0f / ((end - start) / (float)SDL_GetPerformanceFrequency());
printf("FPS: %f\n", fps);
return SDL_APP_CONTINUE;
}
void SDL_AppQuit(void* appstate, SDL_AppResult result)
{
SDL_DestroyTexture(texture);
SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
SDL_Quit();
}
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위 내용은 눈 내리는 코드와 실행 결과이다. FPS를 고정하기 위해 SDL_AppInit()에서 수직 동기화(Vertical Synchronization)를 설정했다. 특정 FPS를 간단히 지정하고 싶다면 아래와 같이 해도 된다.
SDL_Delay(1000 / 원하는 FPS)
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SDL_AppResult SDL_AppIterate(void* appstate)
{
start = SDL_GetPerformanceCounter();
SDL_Delay(1000 / 60);
{
SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 0, 0, 0, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
draw_particle(particles);
SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
}
end = SDL_GetPerformanceCounter();
fps = 1.0f / ((end - start) / (float)SDL_GetPerformanceFrequency());
printf("FPS: %f\n", fps);
return SDL_APP_CONTINUE;
}
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아니면 SDL3_gfx 라이브러리를 사용할 수도 있다. 아래 링크에서 다운로드하자.
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#define SDL_MAIN_USE_CALLBACKS 1
#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
#include <SDL3/SDL_main.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "SDL3_framerate.h"
SDL_Window* window = NULL;
SDL_Renderer* renderer = NULL;
int screen_width = 640;
int screen_height = 480;
Uint64 start;
Uint64 end;
float fps;
// FPS 관리자
FPSmanager fpsm;
typedef struct {
float x, y;
float vx, vy;
} s_particle;
const int number_particles = 400;
s_particle particles[number_particles];
// 파티클 이미지 텍스쳐와 렉트
SDL_Texture* texture;
SDL_FRect rect;
void spawn_particle(s_particle* pt) {
pt->x = (SDL_randf() * 2 - 1) * screen_width * 10;
pt->y = SDL_randf() * screen_height * -2;
// 넓은 범위에서 눈이 생성되게 해서 실행 초기에 눈이 쏟아져 내리는걸 방지.
pt->vx = SDL_randf() * 0.5f; // 눈은 오른쪽으로만 흩날린다.
pt->vy = SDL_randf() + 0.8f;
}
void draw_particle(s_particle pt[]) {
for (int i = 0; i < number_particles; i++) {
s_particle* particle = &particles[i];
particle->x += particle->vx;
particle->y += particle->vy;
// 눈이 화면 왼쪽에서도 바람에 날려 올 수 있도록 생존 범위 조정.
if (particle->x > screen_width || particle->x < -screen_width || particle->y > screen_height)
spawn_particle(particle);
// 텍스쳐 그리기
rect.x = particle->x - rect.w / 2;
rect.y = particle->y - rect.h / 2;
SDL_RenderTexture(renderer, texture, NULL, &rect);
//SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 0, 0, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
//SDL_RenderPoint(renderer, particle->x, particle->y);
}
}
SDL_AppResult SDL_AppInit(void** appstate, int argc, char* argv[])
{
SDL_SetAppMetadata("Example", "1.0", "sean");
if (!SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)) {
SDL_Log("Couldn't initialize SDL: %s", SDL_GetError());
return SDL_APP_FAILURE;
}
// FPS 관리자 초기화. FPS=60
SDL_initFramerate(&fpsm);
SDL_setFramerate(&fpsm, 60);
printf("Set FPS: %d\n", SDL_getFramerate(&fpsm));
if (!SDL_CreateWindowAndRenderer("example", screen_width, screen_height, 0, &window, &renderer)) {
SDL_Log("Couldn't create window/renderer: %s", SDL_GetError());
return SDL_APP_FAILURE;
}
for (int i = 0; i < number_particles; i++) {
spawn_particle(&particles[i]);
}
// 비트맵 로드
SDL_Surface* bmpSurface = SDL_LoadBMP("snow.bmp");
if (!bmpSurface) {
SDL_Log("Couldn't load BMP: %s", SDL_GetError());
return SDL_APP_FAILURE;
}
// 컬러키(투명) 설정
SDL_SetSurfaceColorKey(bmpSurface, true, SDL_MapSurfaceRGB(bmpSurface, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00));
//SDL_SetSurfaceColorKey(bmpSurface, true, SDL_MapRGB(SDL_GetPixelFormatDetails(bmpSurface->format), NULL, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00));
rect = { 0, 0, (float)bmpSurface->w, (float)bmpSurface->h };
texture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, bmpSurface);
SDL_DestroySurface(bmpSurface);
return SDL_APP_CONTINUE;
}
SDL_AppResult SDL_AppEvent(void* appstate, SDL_Event* event)
{
switch (event->type) {
case SDL_EVENT_QUIT:
return SDL_APP_SUCCESS;
case SDL_EVENT_KEY_DOWN:
printf("Key pressed: %s\n", SDL_GetKeyName(event->key.key));
if (event->key.key == SDLK_ESCAPE)
return SDL_APP_SUCCESS;
break;
default:
break;
}
return SDL_APP_CONTINUE;
}
SDL_AppResult SDL_AppIterate(void* appstate)
{
start = SDL_GetPerformanceCounter();
{
SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 0, 0, 0, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
draw_particle(particles);
SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
}
// FPS를 맞추기 위한 지연.
SDL_framerateDelay(&fpsm);
end = SDL_GetPerformanceCounter();
fps = 1.0f / ((end - start) / (float)SDL_GetPerformanceFrequency());
printf("Actual FPS: %f\n", fps);
return SDL_APP_CONTINUE;
}
void SDL_AppQuit(void* appstate, SDL_AppResult result)
{
SDL_DestroyTexture(texture);
SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
SDL_Quit();
}
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SDL_AppInit()에서 FPS 관리자 초기화 부분을 제일 아래로 옮기면 최초 FPS가 좀 더 낮은 수치가 되지만 별 의미는 없는거 같다.
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